Buhweju District is an administrative unit in Western Uganda and part of the Ankole sub-region. Its headquarters are based in Nsiika Town, which serves as the district’s chief town. Known for its isolation and rugged landscape, Buhweju remains one of the least accessible districts in Uganda, yet it holds significant natural wealth.
Location
Buhweju District is bordered by:
- Rubirizi District – west and northwest
- Ibanda District – northeast
- Mbarara District – east
- Sheema District – southeast
- Bushenyi District – southwest
The district headquarters at Nsiika are about 53 km northwest of Mbarara, the largest city in the Ankole sub-region, and roughly 310 km southwest of Kampala, Uganda’s capital.
Coordinates: 00°20′40.0″S, 30°25′00.0″E
Land Area: 802 km² (310 sq mi)
Elevation: 1,800 m (5,900 ft)
The steep escarpments that run along the southern, eastern, and northern borders contribute to Buhweju’s geographical isolation, making it one of the most secluded counties in Ankole.
Overview
Buhweju District was officially established in July 2010 after being carved from Bushenyi District. It forms part of the Ankole sub-region, which, according to the 2014 national census, had an estimated population of 2.56 million people.
The Ankole sub-region includes the following districts: Buhweju, Bushenyi, Ibanda, Isingiro, Kiruhura, Mbarara, Mitooma, Ntungamo, Rubirizi, and Sheema.
Population
Buhweju’s population has steadily increased over the years:
- 1991 Census: ~55,540
- 2002 Census: ~82,900
- 2014 Census: ~120,720
- 2024 Census: ~167,921
The growth reflects both natural population increase and settlement expansion despite the district’s geographic challenges.
Natural Resources
Buhweju is notable for its natural resource deposits, which contribute to its economic significance:
- Gold reserves – historically mined and still valuable for small-scale operations.
- Lime and copper – resources with industrial potential.
- Timber – harvested from local forests, though it requires sustainable management.
These resources, if well harnessed, position Buhweju as a district with considerable economic promise despite its isolation.
