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Lithium-ion is a type of rechargeable battery widely used in mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and other portable electronic devices due to its high energy density, low self-discharge, and lightweight design. It works by moving lithium ions between the anode and cathode through an electrolyte during charge and discharge cycles. Li-ion batteries offer longer life, faster charging, and greater efficiency compared to older technologies like NiCd or NiMH. They come in various forms, including cylindrical, prismatic, and pouch cells. While generally safe, they require protection circuits to prevent overcharging, overheating, and potential thermal runaway.
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