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Authentication is the security process used to verify the identity of a user, device, or system before granting access to networks, applications, or data. It ensures that only authorized individuals or systems can access specific resources. Common authentication methods include passwords, PINs, biometrics (like fingerprint or facial recognition), security tokens, and multi-factor authentication (MFA), which combines two or more methods. Authentication is a foundational element of cybersecurity, preventing unauthorized access and protecting sensitive information in both personal and enterprise environments.
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